Genealogy of Jesus (Matthew 1)
Patriarchs
Abraham
Father of the covenant; beginning of Israel’s story.
Isaac
Miracle son; continues the covenant line.
Jacob
Renamed Israel; father of the 12 tribes.
Judah
Tribe chosen for kingship; messianic line begins.
Tribal Line of Judah
Perez
Born from a difficult family story; God works through brokenness.
Hezron
Early tribal leader in Judah.
Ram
Bridge between patriarchs and Exodus generation.
Amminadab
Connected to priestly families; respected lineage.
Nahshon
Leader of Judah during the Exodus.
Salmon
Married Rahab; Gentile faith included in the line.
Ruth Era
Boaz
Kinsman-redeemer; righteous and generous.
Obed
Grandfather of David; stabilizes the family line.
Jesse
Father of David; root of the royal line.
United Kingdom
David
Israel’s greatest king; receives eternal throne promise.
Solomon
Temple builder; known for wisdom and wealth.
Kings of Judah
Rehoboam
His harsh rule splits the kingdom.
Abijah
Short reign; mixed faithfulness.
Asa
Good king; reforms worship.
Jehoshaphat
Strengthens Judah; seeks God.
Joram
Decline begins; influenced by Ahab’s line.
Uzziah
Prosperous reign; pride leads to downfall.
Jotham
Steady, faithful ruler.
Ahaz
Idolatrous; rejects God’s signs.
Hezekiah
One of Judah’s best kings.
Manasseh
Wicked early; later repents.
Amon
Continues idolatry; assassinated.
Josiah
Great reformer; restores Scripture.
Jeconiah
King during Babylonian invasion; exile begins.
Exile & Return
Shealtiel
Leader during exile.
Zerubbabel
Governor who rebuilt the Temple.
Post‑Exile Line
Abiud
Early post-exile leader.
Eliakim
Transitional figure.
Azor
Quiet period of rebuilding.
Zadok
Faithful lineage name.
Achim
Ordinary but essential link.
Eliud
Part of preserved royal line.
Eleazar
Unknown historically; faithful generation.
Matthan
Grandfather of Joseph.
Jacob
Father of Joseph.
Messiah
Joseph
Legal father of Jesus; gives Him Davidic rights.
Jesus Christ
Messiah; fulfillment of the promises to Abraham and David.
Genealogy of Jesus (Luke 3)
Jesus to David (Mary’s Line)
Jesus
Son of God; Messiah.
Joseph
Listed as “son of Heli” legally; Luke traces Mary’s bloodline.
Heli
Father of Mary; Joseph becomes his “son” by marriage.
Matthat
Early ancestor in Mary’s line.
Levi
Not the tribe of Levi; a personal name.
Melchi
Part of the quiet generations before the New Testament.
Jannai
Unknown historically; preserved in family tradition.
Joseph
Common Jewish name; part of Mary’s ancestry.
Davidic Line (Through Nathan, Not Solomon)
Mattathias
Ancestor in Mary’s Davidic branch.
Amos
Not the prophet; a family ancestor.
Nahum
Shares name with the prophet; not the same person.
Esli
Quiet generation in the intertestamental period.
Naggai
Another preserved family name.
Maath
Ancestor in Mary’s line.
Mattathias
Common family name in this branch.
Semein
Little-known ancestor.
Josech
Variant of Joseph.
Joda
Ancestor in Mary’s line.
Joanan
Part of the preserved Davidic family.
Rhesa
Descendant of Zerubbabel.
Zerubbabel
Rebuilder of the Temple after exile.
Shealtiel
Father of Zerubbabel; exilic leader.
Neri
Ancestor in Mary’s line; not the same as Matthew’s Shealtiel.
Melchi
Post-exile ancestor.
Addi
Quiet generation.
Cosam
Part of Mary’s preserved lineage.
Elmadam
Ancestor in Mary’s line.
Er
Not Judah’s son; different person.
Joshua
Shares name with the OT leader.
Eliezer
Common Jewish name.
Jorim
Ancestor in Mary’s line.
Matthat
Earlier ancestor with same name as later one.
Levi
Not the tribe; personal name.
Simeon
Common Jewish name.
Judah
Not the patriarch; later descendant.
Joseph
Common name in the line.
Jonam
Ancestor in Mary’s line.
Eliakim
Part of the Davidic family.
Melea
Quiet generation.
Menna
Ancestor in Mary’s line.
Mattatha
Davidic descendant.
Nathan
Son of David; Mary’s line comes through him.
David
King of Israel; ancestor of the Messiah.
David to Abraham
Jesse
Father of David.
Obed
Son of Boaz and Ruth.
Boaz
Kinsman-redeemer.
Salmon
Husband of Rahab.
Nahshon
Leader of Judah during the Exodus.
Amminadab
Ancestor in Judah’s line.
Admin
Variant name in Luke’s list.
Arni
Variant of Ram.
Hezron
Tribal leader.
Perez
Son of Judah.
Judah
Patriarch; tribe of kings.
Abraham to Adam
Jacob
Father of the 12 tribes.
Isaac
Son of promise.
Abraham
Father of nations.
Terah
Father of Abraham.
Nahor
Ancestor in Abraham’s line.
Serug
Post-flood ancestor.
Reu
Early patriarch.
Peleg
“In his days the earth was divided.”
Eber
Root of the word “Hebrew.”
Shelah
Post-flood patriarch.
Cainan
Listed in Luke; not in Genesis.
Arphaxad
Son of Shem.
Shem
Son of Noah; ancestor of Israel.
Noah
Builder of the ark.
Lamech
Father of Noah.
Methuselah
Oldest recorded lifespan.
Enoch
“Walked with God and was not.”
Jared
Early patriarch.
Mahalalel
Ancestor in Seth’s line.
Kenan
Early patriarch.
Enosh
“People began to call on the name of the Lord.”
Seth
Given to Adam and Eve after Abel.
Adam
First man; created by God.
God
Source of all life.
Matthew vs Luke
Matthew vs Luke – Genealogy Comparison
Matthew emphasizes Jesus as the royal Son of David (legal line through Joseph).
Luke emphasizes Jesus as the Son of Man (biological line, likely through Mary, back to Adam).
Feature
Matthew 1:1–17
Luke 3:23–38
Line type
Legal / royal line through Joseph, showing right to David’s throne.
Biological line (likely through Mary, with Joseph named as husband).
Direction
Moves forward: Abraham → David → Jesus.
Moves backward: Jesus → David → Abraham → Adam → God.
Starting point
Abraham (focus on Israel and covenant promises).
Jesus, then back to Adam (universal scope: all humanity).
Main emphasis
Jesus as the promised Jewish Messiah, Son of David, King.
Jesus as the Son of Man and Son of God, Savior for all.
Davidic branch
Through Solomon (royal kings of Judah).
Through Nathan (non‑royal son of David).
Joseph’s father
Jacob (legal father in royal line).
Heli (likely Mary’s father; Joseph is “son” by marriage).
Structure
3 groups of 14 generations (literary pattern highlighting David).
Continuous list with no numeric grouping; focuses on completeness.
Women mentioned
Yes: Tamar, Rahab, Ruth, “wife of Uriah” (Bathsheba).
No women named; strictly male line listed.
End point
Jesus called “the Christ.”
“Adam, the son of God” – Jesus tied to all humanity and to God.
Together, the two genealogies show a full picture:
Jesus is both the rightful King of Israel (Matthew’s legal line) and the representative of all humanity (Luke’s line back to Adam).
King of Judah #1— Rehoboam
Rehoboam
Son of Solomon. His harsh policies caused the kingdom to split, leading to the
formation of the northern kingdom of Israel. Ignored wise counsel and listened
to younger advisors, triggering national division.
King of Judah #2 — Abijah
Abijah
Son of Rehoboam. Though he trusted God during a major battle against Jeroboam
and won miraculously, his overall reign did not follow the ways of David.
Scripture notes he continued many of the sins of his father.
King of Judah #3 — Asa
Asa
One of Judah’s most righteous early kings. He removed idols, restored proper
worship, and led Judah into a season of peace. Later in life, however, he
relied on political alliances instead of God and became angry when rebuked
by the prophet Hanani.
King of Judah #4 — Jehoshaphat
Jehoshaphat
Strengthened Judah spiritually and militarily. Sent teachers throughout the land
to instruct the people in God’s Law. Trusted God during the Moab–Ammon invasion,
resulting in a miraculous victory. However, he repeatedly formed unwise alliances
with the wicked kings of Israel, which brought rebuke from the prophets.
King of Judah #5 — Joram (a.k.a Jehoram)
Joram (Jehoram)
Married Athaliah, daughter of Ahab and Jezebel, bringing the corrupt influence
of the northern kingdom into Judah. Killed his own brothers to secure power.
Led Judah into idolatry and suffered severe judgment, including revolt,
invasion, and a fatal disease described as a divine punishment.
King of Judah #6 — Ahaziah (a.k.a Jehoahaz)
Ahaziah (Jehoahaz)
Son of Joram and grandson of Ahab through his mother Athaliah. Continued the
wicked practices of the house of Ahab. Reigned only one year before being
killed by Jehu during God’s judgment on Ahab’s dynasty. His death opened the
door for Athaliah’s violent seizure of power.
King (Queen) of Judah #7 — Athaliah
Athaliah
Daughter of Ahab and Jezebel, she seized the throne after the death of her
son Ahaziah. Athaliah attempted to wipe out the royal line of David, but
Joash was hidden by Jehoiada the priest. After six years, Jehoiada led a
revolt, crowned Joash, and Athaliah was executed. Her reign represents the
darkest moment in Judah’s monarchy.
King of Judah #8 — Joash (Jehoash)
Joash (Jehoash)
Hidden as an infant by Jehoiada the priest to preserve the Davidic line.
Crowned at age seven. Under Jehoiada’s guidance he restored the Temple and
revived proper worship. After Jehoiada’s death, Joash listened to corrupt
officials, abandoned the Lord, and even ordered the stoning of Jehoiada’s
son Zechariah. Eventually assassinated by his own servants.
King of Judah #9 — Amaziah
Amaziah
Began his reign by executing his father’s assassins but sparing their children, obeying the Law of Moses.
Won a major victory over Edom, but afterward brought back Edomite idols and worshiped them.
Challenged the king of Israel to battle out of pride and was defeated; Jerusalem’s wall was broken and treasures taken.
Later assassinated in Lachish after losing the support of the people.
King of Judah #10 — Uzziah (Azariah)
Uzziah (Azariah)
Became king at age sixteen and strengthened Judah militarily, agriculturally, and economically.
Built towers, fortified Jerusalem, and developed advanced military equipment.
His fame spread far because God helped him. But when he grew powerful, pride led him to enter the Temple to burn incense — a duty reserved for priests.
God struck him with leprosy, and he lived isolated while his son Jotham governed.
King of Judah #11 — Jotham
Jotham
Ruled jointly with his father Uzziah during Uzziah’s leprosy, then reigned alone.
Strengthened Judah by building the Upper Gate of the Temple and fortifying cities.
Walked uprightly before the Lord, but the people continued in corruption.
Defeated the Ammonites, who paid tribute for several years.
His reign is remembered as stable, righteous, and prosperous.
King of Judah #12 — Ahaz
Ahaz
Rejected the ways of his father Jotham and embraced idolatry, even practicing child sacrifice in the Valley of Hinnom.
Closed the Temple doors and halted proper worship, leading Judah into deep spiritual corruption.
When attacked by Israel and Aram, instead of seeking the Lord, he appealed to Assyria for help, becoming a vassal state.
Replaced the Temple altar with a pagan-style altar copied from Damascus, further desecrating Judah’s worship.
King of Judah #13 — Hezekiah
Hezekiah
One of Judah’s most righteous kings. Reopened the Temple, restored proper worship, and destroyed idolatrous practices including the bronze serpent that had become an idol.
Faced the Assyrian invasion under Sennacherib; trusted God, and the angel of the Lord struck down 185,000 Assyrian soldiers.
Became mortally ill but prayed, and God extended his life by fifteen years.
Later showed his treasures to Babylonian envoys, prompting Isaiah’s prophecy that Babylon would one day carry Judah into exile.
King of Judah #14 — Manasseh
Manasseh
Reigned 55 years, the longest of any king of Judah. Rebuilt the high places his father Hezekiah destroyed, erected altars to Baal, worshiped the stars, practiced sorcery, and even sacrificed his own son in the fire.
Filled Jerusalem with innocent blood and led Judah into deeper sin than the nations God had driven out.
Taken captive by the Assyrians with hooks and bound in chains. In distress he humbled himself greatly before God, prayed, and was restored to Jerusalem.
After returning, he removed idols and restored the altar of the Lord — a remarkable but often overlooked repentance.
King of Judah #15 — Amon
Amon
Followed the early wickedness of his father Manasseh, not his later repentance.
Rebuilt and served idols, abandoning the ways of the Lord.
Became increasingly corrupt, and his own officials conspired against him and assassinated him in his palace.
The people of the land executed the conspirators and placed his son Josiah on the throne.
King of Judah #16 — Josiah
Josiah
Became king at age eight. Sought the Lord early in life and began purging Judah of idols.
During Temple repairs, the Book of the Law was rediscovered; Josiah tore his clothes in repentance and led a national covenant renewal.
Destroyed high places, altars, and pagan shrines throughout Judah and even into former northern Israel.
Celebrated one of the greatest Passovers since the days of Samuel.
Died tragically at Megiddo after confronting Pharaoh Neco, despite prophetic warnings.
King of Judah #17 — Jehoahaz (Shallum)
Jehoahaz (Shallum)
Son of Josiah, chosen by the people instead of his older brother Eliakim.
Reigned only three months and did evil in the sight of the Lord.
Pharaoh Neco deposed him, carried him to Egypt in chains, and imposed a heavy tribute on Judah.
Died in Egypt, never returning to his homeland.
King of Judah #18 — Jehoiakim
Jehoiakim
Originally named Eliakim; Pharaoh Neco renamed him and placed him on the throne as a puppet king.
Oppressed his people with forced labor and heavy taxation to pay tribute to Egypt.
When Babylon rose to power, he switched allegiance, then rebelled, provoking raids and judgment.
Famously cut up Jeremiah’s prophetic scroll with a knife and burned it piece by piece, showing open contempt for God’s word.
Died during Babylon’s rise; Scripture hints he received no honorable burial.
King of Judah #19 — Jehoiachin (Jeconiah / Coniah)
Jehoiachin (Jeconiah / Coniah)
Reigned only three months and ten days. Continued the evil of his father Jehoiakim.
When Nebuchadnezzar besieged Jerusalem, Jehoiachin surrendered to Babylon.
Taken captive along with the royal family, officials, warriors, craftsmen, and thousands of citizens — the first major Babylonian deportation.
Spent decades in prison in Babylon until Evil-Merodach released him and gave him a seat of honor.
His exile marks the beginning of Judah’s final collapse.
King of Judah #20 — Zedekiah
Zedekiah
Installed by Nebuchadnezzar as a puppet king. Weak-willed and easily influenced by corrupt officials.
Repeatedly ignored Jeremiah’s warnings and broke his oath of loyalty to Babylon by rebelling.
Nebuchadnezzar returned, besieged Jerusalem for two years, and finally breached the walls.
Zedekiah attempted to flee but was captured; his sons were executed before his eyes, and then he was blinded and taken to Babylon.
Jerusalem and the Temple were burned, and the remaining people were exiled — marking the end of the Kingdom of Judah.
Isaiah
Isaiah
One of the most influential prophets in Scripture. Spoke during the reigns of
Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah. His messages include warnings of judgment,
calls to repentance, and powerful promises of restoration. Known especially
for his detailed prophecies about the Messiah, including the virgin birth,
the suffering servant, and the future kingdom of peace.
Jeremiah
Jeremiah
Known as the “weeping prophet.” Called by God at a young age to warn Judah of
coming judgment due to idolatry and injustice. Lived through the final years
of the kingdom of Judah and witnessed the Babylonian destruction of Jerusalem.
Faced persecution, imprisonment, and rejection, yet remained faithful. His
prophecies include the promise of a New Covenant written on the heart.
Ezekiel
Ezekiel
A priest turned prophet who ministered to the Jewish exiles in Babylon. Known
for powerful visions — the throne-chariot of God, the valley of dry bones,
and the future restored Temple. His messages combine judgment for Israel’s
unfaithfulness with hope for national restoration and a renewed covenant
relationship with God.
Daniel
Daniel
Taken to Babylon as a young exile and rose to high government positions under
multiple empires. Known for unwavering faith—surviving the lions’ den—and for
receiving some of the most detailed prophetic visions in Scripture. His
prophecies include the four kingdoms, the Son of Man, the 70 weeks, and
end‑time events that shape biblical eschatology.
Hosea
Hosea
Called to deliver God’s message to the northern kingdom during its final years.
His own marriage to Gomer symbolized Israel’s unfaithfulness to God. Hosea’s
prophecies emphasize God’s covenant love, Israel’s spiritual adultery, and
the promise of future restoration after judgment.
Joel
Joel
Known for describing a devastating locust plague as a symbol of the coming
“Day of the Lord.” Calls the people to heartfelt repentance and promises that
God will restore what was lost. Joel contains the famous prophecy of God
pouring out His Spirit on all people — fulfilled in Acts 2 at Pentecost.
Amos
Amos
A shepherd and fig‑tree farmer from Judah whom God sent to prophesy against
the northern kingdom of Israel. Boldly confronted social injustice, corrupt
leadership, and empty religious rituals. Announced coming judgment but also
promised future restoration under a rebuilt “fallen booth of David.”
Obadiah
Obadiah
The shortest prophetic book. Obadiah delivers God’s judgment against Edom for
their violence, pride, and betrayal of Judah during Jerusalem’s destruction.
Announces that Edom will fall, while God will ultimately restore His people
and establish His kingdom. A powerful reminder that God holds nations
accountable for how they treat His people.
Jonah
Jonah
A reluctant prophet sent to the Assyrian capital of Nineveh. Attempted to flee
from God, leading to the famous episode of being swallowed by a great fish.
After preaching, Nineveh repented, and God spared the city—revealing His
compassion even for Israel’s enemies. Jonah’s story highlights God’s mercy
and the struggle of the human heart with divine grace.
Micah
Micah
A contemporary of Isaiah who confronted corruption among leaders, priests, and
prophets. Known for strong messages about justice, humility, and true worship.
Prophesied both judgment and restoration, including the famous prophecy that
the Messiah would be born in Bethlehem. Micah 6:8 summarizes God’s heart for
His people: to act justly, love mercy, and walk humbly with God.
Nahum
Nahum
A prophetic sequel to Jonah. While Jonah saw Nineveh repent, Nahum announces
God’s final judgment on the city for returning to violence, cruelty, and
oppression. His message emphasizes God’s justice, sovereignty over nations,
and His protection of those who trust in Him. Nineveh’s fall in 612 BC
fulfilled Nahum’s prophecy with striking accuracy.
Habakkuk
Habakkuk
Unique among the prophets because his book is a dialogue with God rather than
messages to the people. Habakkuk wrestles with why God allows injustice and
why He would use Babylon—a wicked nation—to judge Judah. God responds by
revealing His sovereignty and timing. The book climaxes with the declaration:
“The righteous shall live by faith,” a foundational truth later echoed in the
New Testament.
Zephaniah
Zephaniah
A descendant of King Hezekiah who prophesied during the reign of Josiah.
Zephaniah announces the coming “Day of the Lord,” a time of judgment against
Judah, surrounding nations, and all who practice idolatry or injustice.
His message is intense but ends with hope: God will purify a remnant,
restore His people, and rejoice over them with singing.
Haggai
Haggai
One of the post‑exilic prophets. Haggai urged the returned exiles to stop
delaying and rebuild the Temple, which had been lying in ruins. His messages
emphasize putting God first, trusting His provision, and the promise that the
future glory of God’s house would surpass the former. His preaching sparked
a national revival and immediate obedience.
Zechariah
Zechariah
A contemporary of Haggai who encouraged the rebuilding of the Temple. Known
for rich, symbolic visions—horsemen, lampstands, flying scrolls, and more.
Zechariah blends immediate encouragement for the post‑exilic community with
powerful Messianic prophecies, including the humble King riding on a donkey
and the pierced one whom Israel will mourn.
Malachi
Malachi
The final prophet of the Old Testament. Malachi confronts spiritual apathy,
corrupt priests, and half‑hearted worship among the returned exiles. He calls
the people back to covenant faithfulness and highlights God’s unchanging love.
Malachi ends with the promise that God will send a messenger—identified in
the New Testament as John the Baptist—before the coming of the Lord.
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